SOCIETAL IMPACTS

1. What is Online fraud?

Ans. Fraud committed using the Internet is called Online fraud. Online fraud may occur in many forms such as : non-delivered goods; non-existent companies; stealing information; fraudulent payments etc.

2. What are intellectual property rights ?

Ans. Intellectual property rights are the rights of the owner of information to decide how much information is to be exchanged, shared or distributed. Also it gives the owner a right to decide the price for doing (exchanging/sharing/ distributing) so.

3. What do you understand by plagiarism? Why is it a punishable offence ?

Ans. Plagiarism is the act of using or stealing someone else’s intellectual work, ideas etc. and passing it as your own work. In other words, plagiarism is a failure in giving credit to its source. Plagiarism is a fraud and violation of Intellectual property rights. Since intellectual property holds a legal entity status, violating its owner’s right is a legally punishable offence.

4. What is digital property ? Give some examples of digital properties.

Ans. Digital property (or digital assets) refers to any information about you or created by you that exists in digital form, either online or on an electronic storage
Examples of digital property include : any online personal accounts (email/social media accounts/ shopping accounts/video gaming accounts, online storage accounts) and personal websites and blogs; domain names registered in your name; intellectual properties etc.

5. Name one open source license with minimal restrictions.

Ans. MIT

6. What is SSL ?

Ans. SSL’s full form is Secure Socket Layer. It is a standard security protocol which ensures data security by establishing encrypted online links between a web server and a browser.

7. What is a firewall ?

Ans. A firewall is a device or software that allows/blocks traffic as per defined set
of rules. These are placed on the boundary of trusted and untrusted networks.

8. What is identity theft ?

Ans. Identity theft refers to the acquisition of personal data of the victim and uses it for illegal purposes.

9. How is free software different from freeware ?

Ans. Free software is the software available at no cost and no restrictions i.e., it can be copied, modified and redistributed also. Freeware, on the other hand, is free of cost, can be copied and redistributed but cannot be modified as no source code is

10. What is the difference between freeware and shareware ?

Ans. Freeware software comes at no monetary cost whereas shareware software comes either at some nominal cost or some restrictions such as trial version or time-bound version.

11. How is open source software different from proprietary software ?

Ans. Open Source Software can be freely used (as source code is available to the customer) but it does not have to be free of charge. Proprietary Software is the software that is neither open nor freely available. Its source code is not available, further distribution and modification is either forbidden or requires special permission by the supplier or vendor.

17. Name two Open Source software alongwith their application.

Ans. OpenOffice.org. Office application suite ; Linux. Operating System

18. Name two Proprietary software alongwith their applications.

Ans. MS-Office. Office application suite MS-Windows. Operating System

19. Name two threats to digital properties.

Ans. (i) Digital Software penetration tools.
(ii) Stealing and plagiarizing codes of digital properties.

20. What is credit card fraud?

Ans. Credit card fraud is when thieves may obtain a new credit card getting blocked your original card and asking for a duplicate one. They may use your stolen credit card information for stealing money or committing other frauds.

21. What is identity theft ?

Ans. Identity theft occurs when someone uses another person’s personal information such as name, Adhaar number, driver’s license number, credit card number, or other identifying information to take on that person’s identity in order to commit fraud or other crimes.

22. What is cyber crime?

Ans. Any criminal offense that is facilitated by, or involves the use of, electronic communications or information systems, including any electronic device, computer, or the Internet is referred to as cyber crime.t common type of fraud that may lead to financial losses and at times may be held responsible for criminal actions as the victim might be personified.

23. Could you tell some common measures one can take to prevent identity theft ?

Ans. Common measures to prevent identity thefts include :
-> Ensure the strong and unique password.
-> Avoid postings of confidential information online.
-> Do not post personal information on social media.
-> Shop from known and trusted websites.
-> Use the latest version of the browsers.
-> Install advanced malware and spyware tools.
-> Use specialized security solutions against financial data.
-> Always update your system and the software.
-> Protect the social security number.
-> Download only the well-known apps and share limited details.

24. What is a bitcoin ?

Ans. Bitcoin is a cryptocurrency which is in the form of a software code, written and controlled by open source software based decentralized system, which governs the issuing of more bitcoins from time to time and keeps track of bitcoins issued so far.

25. What is phishing ?

Ans. Phishing is the practice of attempting to acquire sensitive information from individuals over the Internet, by means of deception, i.e., through authentic looking

26. What is scam ?

Ans. Any fraudulent business practice that extracts money from an unsuspecting, ignorant person is called a scam.

26. What is e-waste ?

Ans. e-waste refers to discarded electronic devices and material which are no longer inuse, e.g., discarded cell phones, monitors, laptops etc.

27. What is Digital footprint?

Ans. Digital Footprints are the records and traces of the online activities of a user, performed while using Internet.

28. How long are digital footprints stored on a server ?

Ans. Digital footprints are permanently stored.

29. What is hacking ?

Ans. Hacking refers to gaining unauthorised access to a network or computer or digital files, with an intention to steal or manipulate data or information or to install malware.

30. What are cyber trolls ?

Ans. Derogatory messages or comments posted online targeting people are called cyber trolls.

31. What is cyber bullying?

Ans. Cyber bullying is a cyber crime that occurs when someone uses the Internet, a cell phone, email, instant messaging, chat rooms, or social networks, such as Facebook, Twitter etc., to harass, demean, embarrass, or intimidate someone else.

32. What is cyber stalking ?

Ans. Cyber stalking is a cyber crime that involves online harassment wherein the victim is subjected to a barrage of online messages and emails.

33. What are computer viruses ?

Ans. Computer viruses are malicious codes/programs that cause damage to data and files on a system. Computer viruses either corrupt the data or cause irregular functioning of the computer or both.

34. What are worms ?

Ans. A worm is a self-replicating program which eats up the entire disk space or memory. A worm keeps on creating its copies until all the disk space or memory is filled.