PHYSICAL EDUCATION
Chapter 6 - Test and Measurement in Sports
Overview
- Fitness Test – SAI Khelo India Fitness Test in school: Age group 5-8 years/ class 1-3: BMI, Flamingo Balance Test, Plate Tapping Test Age group 9-18yrs/ class 4-12:
- BMI, 50mt Speed test, 600mt Run/Walk, Sit & Reach Flexibility Test, Strength Test (Partial Abdominal Curl Up, Push- Ups for boys, Modified Push-Ups for girls).
- Measurement of Cardiovascular Fitness – Harvard Step Test – Duration of the Exercise in Seconds x100/5.5 X Pulse count of 1-1.5 Min after Exercise.
- Computing Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR)
- Rikli & Jones – Senior Citizen Fitness Test.
- Is Chair Stand Test for Lower Body Strength Arm Curl Test for Upper Body Strength i Chair Sit & Reach Test for Lower Body Flexibility I Back Scratch Test for Upper Body Flexibility.
- I Eight Foot Up & Go Test for Agility I Six-Minute Walk Test for Aerobic Endurance
- Johnson – Metheny Test of Motor Educability (Front Roll, Back Roll, Jumping Half-Turn, Jumping Full- Turn
Chapter 6 - Test and Measurement in Sports
1. SAI Khelo India Fitness Test in Schools
Age Groups
1. 5–8 years (Class 1–3):
- Focus on fundamental movement skills.
Key tests:
- Body Composition (BMI):Measures weight relative to height.
- Plate Tapping Test: Assesses hand-eye coordination and speed.
- Flamingo Balance Test: Tests single-leg balance and stability.
2. 9–18 years (Class 4–12)
- Focus on overall physical fitness.
Key components:
- BMI:Measures body composition.
- Abdominal Strength Test: Partial curl-ups.
- Upper Body Strength Test: Push-ups (modified for girls).
- Flexibility Test: Sit-and-reach test.
- Cardiovascular Endurance: 600m run/walk.
- Speed Test: 50m dash.
Key Tests and Procedures
1. Body Mass Index (BMI):
Purpose :- Measures body composition using height and weight.
Formula :- \( \text{BMI} = \frac{\text{Weight (kg)}}{\text{Height (m)}^2} \).
2. Plate Tapping Test:
Purpose :- Tests limb movement speed and coordination..
Formula :- Alternate tapping two discs 60 cm apart for 25 cycles.
3. Flamingo Balance Test:
Purpose :- Assesses single-leg balance and muscle strength.
Formula :- Stand on one leg for 60 seconds; count the number of falls.
4. Abdominal Strength (Partial Curl-Ups) :
Purpose :- Measures core strength..
Formula :-Measures core strength.
5. Push-Ups (Boys) / Modified Push-Ups (Girls)
Purpose :- Measures upper body strength and endurance.
Formula :-Perform continuous push-ups until exhaustion.
6. Sit-and-Reach Test:
Purpose :- Measures flexibility of lower back and hamstrings.
Formula :-Reach forward from a seated position and measure the distance.
7. 600m Run/Walk :
Purpose :- Assesses cardiovascular endurance.
Formula :- Cover the distance in the shortest time possible.
8. 50m Dash
Purpose :- Measures speed and acceleration.
Formula :- Sprint 50m from a stationary start.
2. Measurement of Cardiovascular Fitness
1. Harvard Step Test :-
- Purpose :- Measures aerobic fitness and recovery ability.
Procedure :
- Step up and down a 20-inch bench for 5 minutes at 30 steps per minute.
- Sit down immediately after and measure pulse from 1–1.5 minutes.
Formula : [text{Fitness Index} = \frac{\text{Duration of Exercise (in seconds)} \times 100}{5.5 \times \text{Pulse Count (1–1.5 min)}}.]
Scoring :
- Below 49: Poor.
- 50–80: Average.
- 81 or above: Good.
3. Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR)
Definition:
- The number of calories required for basic body functions at rest.
Formula :
- Men :- ( \text{BMR} = (10 \times \text{Weight (kg)}) + (6.25 \times \text{Height (cm)}) – (5 \times \text{Age}) + 5 \).
- Women :- ( \text{BMR} = (10 \times \text{Weight (kg)}) + (6.25 \times \text{Height (cm)}) – (5 \times \text{Age}) – 161 \)
4. Rikli and Jones Senior Citizen Fitness Test
- Developed to evaluate functional fitness in individuals aged 60–94 years.
Test Components
Chair Stand Test: Measures lower body strength.
Arm Curl Test: Assesses upper body strength using dumbbells.
Chair Sit-and-Reach Test: Measures lower body flexibility.
Back Scratch Test: Assesses upper body flexibility.
Eight-Foot Up-and-Go Test: Tests agility and mobility.
Six-Minute Walk Test: Evaluates aerobic endurance.
5. Johnson-Metheny Test for Motor Educability
Purpose: Assesses neuromuscular skill and motor coordination.
Test Component :
Front Roll: Perform two smooth rolls within designated areas.
Back Roll: Similar to the front roll, executed backward.
Jumping Half-Turns: Perform alternating half turns with precision.
Jumping Full-Turns: Execute full body turns with stability.