What is MANET?

A Mobile Ad Hoc Network (MANET) is a type of wireless network where devices (called nodes) communicate with each other without relying on fixed infrastructure like routers or access points. Each node in MANET acts as both a host and a router, forwarding data for other nodes. MANETs are self-configuring, flexible, and dynamic, making them useful in situations like disaster recovery, military operations, and remote areas.

Types of MANET

1. Intranet-based MANET – Formed within a local organizational network to allow wireless communication among devices.

2. Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs) – Used among vehicles and roadside units for intelligent transport systems.

3. Internet-based MANET – Provides access to the global internet through gateway nodes.

4. Military MANET – Used in defense systems for secure and fast communication in battlefields.

5. Sensor-based MANET – Connects sensor nodes for applications like environment monitoring and health tracking.

VANET (Vehicular Ad Hoc Network) – In Detail

A VANET is a special type of MANET designed for vehicles. It allows vehicles to communicate with each other (Vehicle-to-Vehicle, V2V) and with roadside infrastructure (Vehicle-to-Infrastructure, V2I).

Working of VANET

• Vehicles are equipped with wireless communication devices.

• When two vehicles are within range, they share information such as speed, traffic, and road conditions.

• Roadside units (RSUs) act as gateways to provide internet access or relay information between vehicles.

Applications of VANET

• Traffic Management – Prevents congestion by sharing traffic updates.

• Safety Systems – Alerts drivers about accidents, roadblocks, or slippery roads.

• Navigation Assistance – Provides real-time route suggestions.

• Entertainment & Internet Access – Offers in-vehicle multimedia and connectivity.

Advantages of VANET

• Improves road safety.

• Enhances traffic efficiency.

• Provides better driving experience with real-time data.

Challenges of VANET

• High mobility of vehicles makes maintaining stable connections difficult.

• Security and privacy issues due to open communication.

• Requires large-scale deployment of roadside infrastructure.