What is Topology?

Topology in computer networks refers to the arrangement or structure in which computers, devices, and network components are connected to each other. It defines how data flows between devices and how they communicate within a network.

1. Star Topology

• In a star topology, all devices are connected to a central device such as a switch or hub.

• The central device manages data transmission and acts as a communication point for all other devices.

Advantages:

• Easy to set up and manage.

• Failure of one device does not affect the rest of the network.

• Easy to add or remove devices.

Disadvantages:

• If the central hub or switch fails, the entire network stops working.

• Requires more cables compared to some other topologies.

2. Bus Topology

• In a bus topology, all devices are connected to a single central cable called a backbone.

• Data travels along the backbone, and each device checks if the data is meant for it.

Advantages:

• Simple and cost-effective to set up.

• Requires less cabling compared to star topology.

Disadvantages:

• If the main cable (backbone) fails, the whole network fails.

• Performance decreases as more devices are added.

• Difficult to detect problems in the cable.