Explain Working of Intranet and Internet & its Architecture.
SOLUTION
1. Internet
The Internet is a global network that connects millions of computers and devices worldwide using standard communication protocols (TCP/IP). It allows users to access websites, send emails, share files, and communicate across the globe.
Working of Internet
When a user enters a web address (URL), the request is sent to a DNS server, which translates the domain name into an IP address.
The request then travels through routers and switches across different networks using the TCP/IP protocol.
The destination server processes the request and sends back the required data (e.g., a webpage) to the user’s browser.
Architecture of Internet
Client – The user’s device (PC, smartphone) requesting services.
ISP (Internet Service Provider) – Provides access to the Internet.
DNS (Domain Name System) – Converts domain names into IP addresses.
Servers – Host websites, applications, and services.
Routers & Gateways – Direct the data packets between networks.
Backbone Network – High-speed main communication lines that connect different regions globally.
2. Intranet
An Intranet is a private network used within an organization. It uses Internet technologies (TCP/IP, web browsers) but is restricted to authorized users only. It is mainly used for internal communication, file sharing, and collaboration.
Working of Intranet
Employees connect to the organization’s private network using their credentials.
A web server inside the organization hosts internal web pages, applications, or databases.
Users can share files, communicate via email/chat, and access company resources securely.
Firewalls and access controls protect the intranet from external users.
Architecture of Intranet
Client Computers – Employee devices accessing the intranet.
LAN/WLAN – Local area network within the organization.
Intranet Web Server – Stores and manages internal web applications.
Database Server – Provides access to organizational data.
Firewall/Security – Ensures only authorized users can access the network.
Admin Control – Manages user rights and resources.