What are constructor and destructor? Explain copy and parameterized constructor With an example
SOLUTION....
✨ Constructor and Destructor in C++
📌 Constructor
A constructor is a special member function of a class that is automatically called when an object is created.
It has the same name as the class and no return type.
Its purpose is to initialize data members.
📌 Destructor
A destructor is a special member function that is automatically invoked when an object goes out of scope or is deleted.
It has the same name as the class but is preceded by a
~(tilde).Used to release resources like memory or files.
📌 Types of Constructors
Parameterized Constructor
A constructor that takes arguments to initialize objects with specific values.
✅ Example:
class Student { int roll; string name; public: Student(int r, string n) { // Parameterized constructor roll = r; name = n; } void show() { cout << roll << " - " << name << endl; } };
OUTPUT
Copy Constructor
A constructor that initializes an object by copying data from another object.
Syntax:
ClassName(const ClassName &obj)
✅ Example:
class Student { int roll; string name; public: Student(int r, string n) { // Parameterized constructor roll = r; name = n; } Student(const Student &s) { // Copy constructor roll = s.roll; name = s.name; } void show() { cout << roll << " - " << name << endl; } };
Output
📌 Summary
Constructor → Initializes objects (can be default, parameterized, or copy).
Destructor → Cleans up resources when object is destroyed.
Parameterized constructor → Allows initializing objects with specific values.
Copy constructor → Creates a new object as a copy of an existing one.