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June 26, 2026

Chapter 3: Python Control Statements Ques and Ans

Question and Answer

2 Marks Question

Q1. What is a Control Statement in Python?

Answer:

A control statement is a statement that controls the flow of execution of a Python program. It determines the order in which statements are executed based on conditions or repetitions.

The main types of control statements in Python are:

  1. Selection (Decision-Making) Statements:

    if, if-else, and if-elif-else

  2. Iteration (Looping) Statements:

    for and while

  3. Jump Statements:

    break, continue, and pass

Conclusion:

Control statements help make Python programs more efficient by allowing decisions, repetition of tasks, and transfer of control during program execution.

Q2. What is the purpose of the if statement?

Answer:

The if statement is a decision-making statement in Python. It is used to execute a block of code only when a specified condition is True. If the condition is False, the block of code is skipped.

Example:

age = 18

if age >= 18:
    print("Eligible to Vote")

Output:

Eligible to Vote

Conclusion:

The if statement helps a program make decisions by executing code only when a specified condition is true.

Q3. Differentiate between if and if-else statements.

Answer:

Both if and if-else are decision-making statements in Python. However, they differ in the way they execute code based on a condition.

if Statement if-else Statement
Executes a block of code only if the specified condition is True. Executes one block of code if the condition is True and another block if the condition is False.
If the condition is False, no statement is executed. One of the two blocks is always executed.
Used when only one condition needs to be checked. Used when two alternative actions are required based on a condition.

Example of if Statement:

age = 18

if age >= 18:
    print("Eligible to Vote")

Example of if-else Statement:

age = 16

if age >= 18:
    print("Eligible to Vote")
else:
    print("Not Eligible to Vote")

Q4. What is the use of the elif statement?

Answer:

The elif (else if) statement is used to check multiple conditions in a Python program. It is executed only if the previous if or elif condition is False. It helps in selecting one block of code from several alternatives.

Example:

marks = 75

if marks >= 90:
    print("Grade A")
elif marks >= 75:
    print("Grade B")
else:
    print("Grade C")

Output:

Grade B

Conclusion:

The elif statement is useful when a program needs to test multiple conditions one after another and execute the appropriate block of code.

Q5. What is a Loop?

Answer:

A loop is a control statement in Python that is used to execute a block of code repeatedly until a specified condition becomes false or for a fixed number of iterations.

Python provides two types of loops:

  1. for loop – Used when the number of iterations is known.
  2. while loop – Used when the number of iterations is not known and depends on a condition.

Example:

for i in range(1, 6):
    print(i)

Output:

1
2
3
4
5

Conclusion:

Loops help reduce code repetition and make programs more efficient by executing the same set of statements multiple times.

Q6. What is the difference between for loop and while loop?

Answer:

for Loop while Loop
A for loop is used when the number of iterations is known in advance. A while loop is used when the number of iterations is not known and depends on a condition.
It iterates over a sequence such as a list, tuple, string, or range(). It executes repeatedly as long as the given condition remains True.
Example: 
for i in range(5):
    print(i)
 Example: 
while i < 5:
    print(i)
    i += 1

Q7. What is the purpose of the range() function?

Answer:

The range() function is used to generate a sequence of numbers. It is commonly used with the for loop to execute a block of code a specific number of times.

Example:

for i in range(1, 6):
    print(i)

Output:

1
2
3
4
5

Explanation:

The range() function helps control the number of loop iterations and can generate sequences with a specified start, stop, and step value.

Syntax:

range(start, stop, step)

Q8. What is the use of the break statement?

Answer:

The break statement is used to terminate a loop immediately, even if the loop condition is still True. When a break statement is encountered, the control exits the loop and moves to the next statement after the loop.

Example:

for i in range(1, 6):
    if i == 3:
        break
    print(i)

Output:

1
2

Explanation:

The break statement is useful when a loop needs to be stopped before completing all its iterations.

Q9. What is the use of the continue statement?

Answer:

The continue statement is used to skip the current iteration of a loop and continue with the next iteration. When a continue statement is encountered, the remaining statements inside the loop for the current iteration are skipped.

Example:

for i in range(1, 6):
    if i == 3:
        continue
    print(i)

Output:

1
2
4
5

Explanation:

The continue statement is useful when certain iterations need to be skipped without terminating the entire loop.

Q10. What is Nested if?

Answer:

A Nested if is an if statement placed inside another if statement. The inner if statement is executed only if the condition of the outer if statement is True.

Example:

age = 20

if age >= 18:
    if age <= 60:
        print("You are an Adult.")

Output:

You are an Adult.

Explanation:

A Nested if statement is useful when multiple conditions need to be checked in a step-by-step manner before executing a block of code.

3 Marks Question

Q1. Explain the if-else statement with an example.

Answer:

The if-else statement is a decision-making statement in Python. It is used to execute one block of code when a condition is True and another block of code when the condition is False.

The if block is executed if the condition evaluates to True. Otherwise, the else block is executed.

Syntax:

if condition:
    # Statements executed if the condition is True
else:
    # Statements executed if the condition is False

Example:

age = 16

if age >= 18:
    print("Eligible to Vote")
else:
    print("Not Eligible to Vote")

Output:

Not Eligible to Vote

Explanation:

In the above program, the value of age is 16, which is less than 18. Therefore, the condition age >= 18 is False, so the else block is executed and the message "Not Eligible to Vote" is displayed.

Q2. Explain the if-elif-else ladder with an example.

Answer:

The if-elif-else ladder is a decision-making statement used to check multiple conditions one after another. The program executes the block of code associated with the first condition that evaluates to True. If none of the conditions are true, the else block is executed.

Syntax:

if condition1:
    # Statements
elif condition2:
    # Statements
elif condition3:
    # Statements
else:
    # Statements

Example:

marks = 75

if marks >= 90:
    print("Grade A")
elif marks >= 75:
    print("Grade B")
elif marks >= 50:
    print("Grade C")
else:
    print("Fail")

Output:

Grade B

Explanation:

In the above program, the value of marks is 75. The first condition (marks >= 90) is False, but the second condition (marks >= 75) is True. Therefore, the statement "Grade B" is displayed, and the remaining conditions are skipped.

Q3. Explain the working of for loop with an example.

Answer:

The for loop is an iteration (looping) statement used to execute a block of code repeatedly for each item in a sequence such as a list, tuple, string, or range(). It is generally used when the number of iterations is known in advance.

Syntax:

for variable in sequence:
    # Statements

Example:

for i in range(1, 6):
    print(i)

Output:

1
2
3
4
5

Explanation:

In the above program, the range(1, 6) function generates the numbers 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5. The loop variable i takes each value one by one, and the print() function displays it. The loop stops automatically after printing 5.

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Q4. Explain the working of while loop with an example.

Answer:

The while loop is an iteration (looping) statement used to execute a block of code repeatedly as long as a specified condition remains True. It is generally used when the number of iterations is not known in advance and depends on a condition.

Syntax:

while condition:
    # Statements
    # Update the condition

Example:

i = 1

while i <= 5:
    print(i)
    i += 1

Output:

1
2
3
4
5

Explanation:

In the above program, the variable i is initialized to 1. The loop executes as long as the condition i <= 5 is True. After each iteration, the value of i is increased by 1 using i += 1. When i becomes 6, the condition becomes False, and the loop terminates.

Q5. Differentiate between break and continue statements.

Answer:

Both break and continue are jump statements used to control the execution of loops. However, they perform different functions.

break Statement continue Statement
Terminates the loop immediately. Skips the current iteration and continues with the next iteration.
Control moves to the first statement after the loop. Control returns to the beginning of the loop for the next iteration.
Used when the loop needs to stop before completing all iterations. Used when only a particular iteration needs to be skipped.
Example: break Example: continue

Example of break:

for i in range(1, 6):
    if i == 3:
        break
    print(i)

Output:

1
2

Example of continue:

for i in range(1, 6):
    if i == 3:
        continue
    print(i)

Output:

1
2
4
5

Q6. Write a Python program to print numbers from 1 to 10 using for loop.

Answer:

The following Python program uses a for loop along with the range() function to print numbers from 1 to 10.

Program:

# Program to print numbers from 1 to 10 using for loop

for i in range(1, 11):
    print(i)

Output:

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10

Explanation:

  1. The range(1, 11) function generates the numbers from 1 to 10.
  2. The for loop iterates through each number in the sequence.
  3. The print() function displays each number on a new line.

Q7. Write a Python program to find the sum of first 10 natural numbers.

Answer:

The following Python program uses a for loop to calculate the sum of the first 10 natural numbers.

Program:

# Program to find the sum of first 10 natural numbers

sum = 0

for i in range(1, 11):
    sum = sum + i

print("Sum =", sum)

Output:

Sum = 55

Explanation:

  1. The variable sum is initialized to 0.
  2. The range(1, 11) function generates numbers from 1 to 10.
  3. During each iteration, the current value of i is added to sum.
  4. After the loop completes, the print() function displays the total sum of the first 10 natural numbers, which is 55.

Q8. Write a Python program to check whether a number is positive or negative.

Answer:

The following Python program accepts a number from the user and checks whether it is positive, negative, or zero using the if-elif-else statement.

Program:

# Program to check whether a number is positive or negative

num = int(input("Enter a number: "))

if num > 0:
    print("Positive Number")
elif num < 0:
    print("Negative Number")
else:
    print("Zero")

Sample Output:

Enter a number: 25
Positive Number

Explanation:

  1. The input() function accepts a number from the user.
  2. The int() function converts the input from a string to an integer.
  3. If the number is greater than 0, the program displays "Positive Number".
  4. If the number is less than 0, the program displays "Negative Number".
  5. If the number is neither positive nor negative, it must be 0, so the program displays "Zero".

Q9. Write a Python program to print even numbers between 1 and 20.

Answer:

The following Python program uses a for loop and the modulus (%) operator to print all even numbers between 1 and 20.

Program:

# Program to print even numbers between 1 and 20

for i in range(1, 21):
    if i % 2 == 0:
        print(i)

Output:

2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20

Explanation:

  1. The range(1, 21) function generates numbers from 1 to 20.
  2. The for loop checks each number one by one.
  3. The condition i % 2 == 0 checks whether the number is divisible by 2.
  4. If the condition is True, the number is even and is displayed using the print() function.
```

Q10. Explain Nested Loop with an example.

Answer:

A Nested Loop is a loop placed inside another loop. The inner loop executes completely for each iteration of the outer loop.

Python allows both for loops and while loops to be nested inside one another.

Syntax:

for outer_variable in sequence:
    for inner_variable in sequence:
        # Statements

Example:

for i in range(1, 4):
    for j in range(1, 4):
        print(i, j)

Output:

1 1
1 2
1 3
2 1
2 2
2 3
3 1
3 2
3 3

Explanation:

  1. The outer loop runs from 1 to 3.
  2. For each iteration of the outer loop, the inner loop also runs from 1 to 3.
  3. The values of i and j are printed in each iteration, producing all possible combinations.

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