Q.1 Solution....
Q.1 Explain concepts of Class and Objects.
Answer :-
Class and Objects in C++
Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) is one of the most powerful programming paradigms, and C++ is widely known as the first major programming language that fully supported OOP.
Two of its most fundamental concepts are Class and Object.
1. Class in C++
A class is a user-defined data type in C++ that acts as a blueprint for creating objects.
It bundles data members (variables) and member functions (methods) into a single unit.
Classes help achieve Encapsulation (data hiding) and Abstraction (showing only essential details).
Syntax of a Class:
class ClassName {
// Access specifiers:
// private, public, protected
private:
// data members (variables)
int a;
public:
// member functions (methods)
void setData(int x) {
a = x;
}
void display() {
cout << "Value of a: " << a << endl;
}
};
Access Specifiers:
private: Members accessible only inside the class (default).
public: Members accessible from outside the class.
protected: Used mainly in inheritance.
2. Object in C++
An object is an instance of a class.
It represents a real-world entity (like Student, Car, BankAccount, etc.).
Using objects, we can access the data members and methods of a class.
Creating Objects:
3. Example Program
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
// Define a class
class Student {
private:
int rollNo;
string name;
float marks;
public:
// Function to set data
void setData(int r, string n, float m) {
rollNo = r;
name = n;
marks = m;
}
// Function to display data
void displayData() {
cout << "Roll No: " << rollNo << endl;
cout << "Name: " << name << endl;
cout << "Marks: " << marks << endl;
}
};
int main() {
// Create objects of Student class
Student s1, s2;
// Set data for students
s1.setData(101, "Hardik", 89.5);
s2.setData(102, "Rahul", 92.0);
// Display data
cout << "Student 1 Details:" << endl;
s1.displayData();
cout << "\nStudent 2 Details:" << endl;
s2.displayData();
return 0;
}
OUTPUT
