Q15. Explain step to install ubuntu.
Solution :-
Steps to Install Ubuntu.
Ubuntu is a popular Linux distribution known for its ease of use, security, and open-source nature.
It can be installed on a computer alongside Windows or as a standalone operating system.
Below are the detailed steps to install Ubuntu on a system.
1. System Requirements
Before installing Ubuntu, ensure that your system meets the minimum requirements:
✅ Processor: 2 GHz dual-core or better
✅ RAM: At least 4 GB (8 GB recommended for smooth performance)
✅ Storage: Minimum 25 GB of free disk space
✅ USB Drive: At least 8 GB (for creating bootable media)
✅ Internet Connection: Optional but recommended for updates
2. Download Ubuntu ISO
Visit the official Ubuntu website: https://ubuntu.com/download
Select the desired version (LTS versions are recommended for stability).
Click on “Download” and save the ISO file on your computer.
3. Create a Bootable USB Drive
To install Ubuntu, you need to create a bootable USB drive using the downloaded ISO file.
Using Rufus (for Windows Users)
Insert a USB drive (8 GB or larger) into your computer.
Download Rufus from https://rufus.ie and install it.
Open Rufus and select your USB drive.
Click SELECT and choose the Ubuntu ISO file.
Keep the partition scheme as GPT (for UEFI) or MBR (for Legacy BIOS).
Click START and wait for the process to complete.
Using Balena Etcher (For Windows, Linux, and macOS Users)
Download and install Balena Etcher from https://www.balena.io/etcher.
Launch the software and select the Ubuntu ISO file.
Choose the USB drive and click Flash to create the bootable USB.
4. Boot from USB Drive
Insert the bootable USB into the target computer.
Restart the computer and enter the BIOS/UEFI settings (press F2, F12, DEL, or ESC depending on your system).
In BIOS, navigate to the Boot Order and set the USB drive as the first boot device.
Save changes and exit BIOS (press F10 to save and reboot).
5. Install Ubuntu
Once the system boots from the USB drive, follow these steps:
a) Choose Installation Language
Select your preferred language and click Continue.
b) Try or Install Ubuntu
You can either Try Ubuntu without installing it or Install Ubuntu directly.
Click Install Ubuntu to proceed.
c) Keyboard Layout
Select the appropriate keyboard layout and click Continue.
d) Updates and Software Selection
Choose between:
✅ Normal Installation (includes additional software like browsers and utilities).
✅ Minimal Installation (only basic utilities and a web browser).
Check Download updates while installing Ubuntu for the latest features and security updates.
e) Installation Type
Choose how you want to install Ubuntu:
✅ Erase Disk and Install Ubuntu: This will delete all data and install Ubuntu as the only OS.
✅ Install Ubuntu alongside Windows: Allows dual-booting with Windows.
✅ Something Else: Manual partitioning for advanced users.
Click Install Now and confirm changes when prompted.
f) Select Time Zone
Choose your location to set the correct time zone and click Continue.
g) Create a User Account
Enter your name, computer name, username, and password.
Choose Log in automatically or Require password to log in.
Click Continue to proceed.
6. Complete Installation
The installation process will begin. This may take 15-30 minutes depending on system speed.
Once installation is complete, you will see a message: “Installation Complete”.
Click Restart Now and remove the USB drive when prompted.
7. First Boot and System Setup
After restarting, log in using the credentials created during installation.
Run Software Updates to install the latest security patches and drivers.
Install essential applications like web browsers, media players, and productivity tools.